What the dickens is this??

Hi!

Really hoping you can help me, no idea how to even Google this! Once a few months ago, I turned my PC on to see the screen pictured below. I reset it and all was fine. Then, twice this morning, it did it again. After a reset it worked perfectly both times, but I'm really worried I have a ticking timebomb on my hands.

Does anyone have a clue what might be causing this? And should I start saving for new parts/a new computer?

Thanks so much!